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Supersensitivity following lesions of the nervous system; an
Supersensitivity to the reinforcing effects of cocaine
Supersensitivity to apomorphine following destruction of the
DENERVATION SUPERSENSITIVITY: THE RESPONSE TO DEPOLARIZING
Supersensitivity Following Lesions of the Nervous System - CORE
(PDF) Supersensitivity to the reinforcing effects of cocaine
Effect of chronic apomorphine on the development of
Palatal myoclonus and denervation supersensitivity in the
Supersensitivity to the anticonvulsant and proconvulsant
Lesions in the Medial Forebrain Bundle: Delayed Effects on
Behaviourai effects and supersensitivity in the rat following
Damage does not appear immediately following the lesion but is dependent on delayed secondary changes in neural functioning. Harvey and lints (1965) found delayed behavioral effects of brain lesions attributable to gradual depletion of serotonin and associated central denervation supersensitivity.
The new functional state could be triggered by the supersensitivity following the lesion, and could be maintained, in their view, by a process similar to the establishment of conditioned responses. The concept of denervation supersensitivity may or may not alone account for the finding that 'recovery' is more likely with serial lesions than with.
13 nov 2020 our data warn against severe adverse events following antipsychotic treatment accompanies lesion-induced behavioral supersensitivity.
Book description: this book presents a survey of research on neuronal behaviour after denervation.
Patients with lesions above the pons usually continue to have reflex contractions of the detrusor. But the cerebral regulation of voiding and defaecation is often lost. This is the case in lesions as from stroke, head injury, etc, which mostly continue to have a normal coordinated sphincter function.
Themechanisms responsible for supersensitivity are poorly understood. We used the 6-hydroxydopamine (6-ohda)ratmodelofparkinsondisease (6) toinvestigate the mechanism of striatal dopamine receptor supersensitivity following loss ofnormal dopaminergic input from the sub-stantia nigrapars compacta(snc).
Lesions of the hypothalamus, such as tumor or hemorrhage, can cause an ipsilateral horner syndrome with contralateral hemiparesis and contralateral hypesthesia. 4,5 lesions of the thalamus result in contralateral ataxic hemiparesis, contralateral hypoesthesia, vertical gaze paresis, and dysphasia. 6 the combination of a unilateral horner syndrome and a contralateral trochlear nerve paresis.
Non-specific supersensitivity of striatal dopamine receptors after 6- hydroxydopamine lesion of the nigrostriatal pathway.
Buonamici m, c caccia, m carpentieri, m pegrassi, ac rossi and g di chiara (1986) d-1 receptor supersensitivity in the rat striatum after unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesions.
Supersensitivity to the central stimulant actions of adrenergic drugs following discontinuation of a chronic diet of a-methyltyrosine, psychopharmacologia 15: 96–101.
The binding of [3h]haloperidol to rat striatal dopamine receptors increases after lesion (made by injection of 6-hydroxydopamine) of the nigrostriatal dopamine pathway in those rats which are behaviorally supersensitive, as reflected by apomorphine-induced contralateral rotations. The enhanced binding is associated with an increased number of receptor sites with no change in their affinity.
Interpretation of data for clonidine is complicated because lesions can both deplete endogenous na as well as inducing postsynaptic supersensitivity of alpha 2-receptors. Clonidine does not depend on endogenous na pathways for producing antinociception because acute depletion of na with alpha-mpt does not alter its action.
Nondopaminergic prefrontocortical efferent fibers modulate d1 receptor denervation supersensitivity in specific regions of the rat striatum.
If the lesion is preganglionic (or a central horner syndrome), the pupil of the affected eye does not dilate because the iris dilator muscle does not develop adrenergic supersensitivity; as a result, anisocoria increases. If results suggest horner syndrome, hydroxyamphetamine (1%) can be put in both eyes 48 hours later to help locate the lesion.
(2003) have investigated the da receptor supersensitivity (darss), following postnatal denervation, by analysing the overt supersensitivity of da d 1 receptors and/or serotonergic.
Period of vulnerability: organogenesis (day 15 to day 60 after conception).
Neuroplasticity in recovery of function following cns lesions. Diaschisis: the depressed function or loss of functional continuity between various centers or neuron tracts.
Localization of the lesion in horner syndrome is crucial in subsequent management. A detailed history and physical examination are, therefore, of vital importance. When evaluating, the following points need to be considered: balance, hearing, sensory, and swallowing problems can point towards a more central process involving the first-order neurons.
Type ii hypersensitivity reactions are mediated by antibodies. Which of the following is the most likely underlying mechanism of this patient's condition?.
Both effects of the lesion are characterized by a delayed time of onset and gradual development, which approximates the time required for progressive nerve degeneration in the central nervous system. It is suggested that this behavioral effect of bilateral lesions in the medial forebrain bundle may be due to a central denervation supersensitivity.
Supersensitivity to the reinforcing effects of cocaine following 6-hydroxydopamine lesions to the medial prefrontal cortex in rats.
The canadian advisory board on dentin hypersensitivity ( 2003 ) defined dentin following the exposure, the patent dentinal tubules remain wide open and thus are predisposed to any stimulus, called the phase of “lesion initiation.
Dopamine supersensitivity psychosis (dsp) is a key factor contributing to the development of antipsychotic treatment-resistant schizophrenia.
25 mg kg-' apo induced significantly greater stereotypic behaviour in flu-treated rats than in controls.
Classical features of leprosy nonetheless include skin lesions, weakness, patients whom are likely to relapse after either dapsone monotherapy or mdt would.
The characteristics feature of neurotoxicity is a definable lesion which can account long-lasting behavioral supersensitivity to a d1-dopamine agonist following.
Dystonia and chorea are uncommon abnormal movements which can be seen in a wide array of disorders. One quarter of dystonias and essentially all choreas are symptomatic or secondary, the underlying cause being an identifiable neurodegenerative disorder, hereditary metabolic defect, or acquired systemic medical disorder. Dystonia and chorea associated with neurodegenerative or heritable.
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Allergy and hypersensitivity are our saviour for as seen in acute rheumatism, polyarteritis following experimental analogous disease the earliest lesion.
Left sn in combination with the denervation supersensitivity to apomorphine in 1, 3-6 weeks after 6-ohda lesion, while a small number of rotations resulted.
Dopamine receptors increased after 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the nigrostriatal dopamine pathway in those rats which were behaviorally supersensitive,.
Destruction of the substantia nigra produces striatal d1 dopamine receptor supersensitivity without increasing receptor number or affinity, thus implicating postreceptor mechanisms. Increased striatal c-fos expression ipsilateral to a unilateral lesion of the substantia nigra in rats treated with appropriate dopamine agonists provides a cellular.
Dopamine supersensitivity occurs in schizophrenia and other psychoses, and after hippocampal lesions, antipsychotics, ethanol, amphetamine, phencyclidine, gene knockouts of dbh (dopamine β-hydroxylase), drd4 receptors, gprk6 (g protein-coupled receptor kinase 6), comt (catechol- o -methyltransferase), or th -/-, dbh th/+ (tyrosine hydroxylase), and in rats born by cesarean-section.
We postulate that palatal myoclonus after infarction of the brainstem or cerebellum, or both, is the manifestation of denervatio supersensitivity secondary to lesions involving the dentatorubroolivary system. Two cases of our own and 31 from the english and french literature were analyzed in order to determine the delay between the occurrence of presumed anatomical lesions and the recognition.
Atheroma-like lesions were produced by positioning a hollow silastic collar (referred to as a cuff) around the common carotid arteries of rabbits. Following a period of either 48 h or 1, 2, or 4 weeks after surgery, vessels from both cuffed and sham-operated animals were removed, and vascular reactivity to cumulative concentrations of agonists.
Dose-response curves to apomorphine were determined before and 21 days after 6-hydroxydopamine lesion of the contralateral ni- grostriatal pathway.
20 apr 2020 the number of swings in the drug-free state halved at 14 and 21 days after the lesion.
This chapter will focus on how drugs can be used to understand behavioral syndromes following brain damage and, how, in some cases, recovery of function can be facilitated by drugs.
Usually the immune system reaction protects the body and aids healing. However, sometimes an immune system reaction is misdirected at healthy tissues and causes intense inflammation and damage. Hypersensitivity (allergic) and inflammatory skin disorders are caused by immune system reactions that involve the skin.
2 oct 2020 white matter hyperintensities (wmhs) are lesions in the brain that and predict infarct growth and worse outcome after large artery stroke.
Histochemical evidence of altered development of cholinergic fibers in the rat dentate gyrus following lesions. I: time course after complete unilateral entorhinal lesions at various ages.
The data summarized here were obtained on striata from animals found to be dopamine supersensitive under the following conditions (listed from the upper left top down; unless otherwise specified, details are found in [36, 38]: mature rats with neonatal lesion of the hippocampus [46].
A case of localized muscular rigidity following suxamethonium is reported in a patient with a lesion involving the brachial plexus. It is suggested that this is an example of contracture, attributable to an acetylcholine partial agonist acting on an enlarged receptor area in the musde.
Supersensitivity following lesions of the nervous system; an aspect of the relativity of nervous integration.
Stavraky received his first medical degree at the university of odessa.
Supersensitivity following the interruption of synaptic transmission within the dopamine (da) system has now been established by behaviouralsup1-3/sup, biochemicalsup4-6/sup and electrophysiologicalsup7,8/sup evidence. Following production of lesions which interupt da inputsup1/sup, or treatment with pharmacological agents which chronically disrupt dopaminergic transmissionsup.
Supersensitivity to the reinforcing effects of cocaine following 6-hydroxydopamine lesions to the medial prefrontal cortex in rats. Author information: (1)department of psychology, texas a and m university, college station 77843.
4 sep 1980 however, although the stimulation of striatal da receptors produces clear behavioural effects, no behavioural consequence of nigral da receptor.
Thornburg je, moore ke (1975) supersensitivity to dopamine agonists following unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine-induced striatal lesions in mice. J pharmacol exp ther 192: 42–49 pubmed google scholar tiedt tn, albuquerque ex, guth l (1977) degenerating nerve fiber products do not alter physiological properties of adjacent innervated skeletal.
What is a raised, thin-walled lesion containing clear fluid called? vesicle. Which of the following is a common effect of a type i hypersensitivity response.
We hypothesised that it would be possible to prevent the development of post-synaptic dopamine receptor supersensitivity to 6-hydroxydopamine lesions of the nigro-striatal tract in rats if they were constantly infused with the dopamine agonist apomorphine.
Compensatory response that requires some time to develop following da-depleting lesions in order to generate significant rotation (marshall and ungerstedt, 1977). This supersensitivity takes up to a week to develop in the lesioned hemisphere, rendering apomorphine a less popular way of assessing lesions (schwarting and huston, 1996).
If a postganglionic lesion is present (peripheral horner syndrome), the pupil of the affected eye dilates much more than that of the unaffected eye because the iris dilator muscle of the affected eye has lost its sympathetic innervation and has developed adrenergic supersensitivity.
Changes taking place after unilateral 6-hydroxydopamine lesion of the dopaminergic nigrostriatal system have been studied by performing spontaneous, amphetamine-induced and apomorphine-induced rotational behaviour testing and tyrosine hydroxylase (th) and fos protein immunohistochemistry in the same rats.
Spinal cord injury results not only in motor and sensory deficits but also in autonomic dysfunctions as a result of the disruption between higher brain centers and the spinal cord. Autonomic dysfunction can include compromised cardiovascular, respiratory, urinary, gastrointestinal, thermoregulatory, and sexual activities. Maintaining optimal health and well-being after sustaining a spinal cord.
Symptoms of a brain lesion vary depending on the type, location, and size of the lesion. Symptoms common to several types of brain lesions include the following: headaches.
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